After an anonymous
woodcut (possibly by Dürer) in Sebastian Brant's Narrenschiff,
Basel, 1494. One of the great themes in Renaissance literature is
that of over-reaching ambition, for example, the tragedy of Macbeth,
who tries to avoid his fate. This humorous treatment shows foolish
men turning into asses because of this sin. The most complete ass
has a crown. They fail to understand that the Wheel of Fortune is
turned by the hand of God; they will all end up in the grave with
the rest of us, as the coffin and open grave awaiting them signify.